Civil Engineering

Different concrete grades and their application in construction site:

  Mortar in construction Mortar Mortar is a paste composed of cement and water or lime, Suki, and water. Lime and cement are the mortar's binding agents. The mortars are strengthened by sand and suki. They also prevent excessive cracking caused by paste shrinkage. As the proportion and increases, the strength of mortars decreases. The best mixture is one cement to 36 sand. The amount of water required for better results is 20 to 25% because it provides the greatest strength to mortars. The mortars gradually absorb carbonic acid from the atmosphere and harden into a solid mass. Mortar is used to hold the bricks or stones together in brick or stone masonry. It is used to provide a soft, even bed between different layers of brick or stone masonry in order to distribute pressure evenly across the bed. It is used to fill the gaps between bricks or stones in order to make walls tighter. In technology, mortar is a material used in building construction to bond brick, stone, tile, ...

  Retrofitting for strengthening concrete wall Existing reinforced concrete walls must be strengthened when they lose their strength and capacity to handle the specified loads, or when their load carrying capacity must be increased. This type of rehabilitation is typically necessary for walls built in high-seismic-hazard zones. For the reinforcement of concrete walls, many retrofitting techniques can be used, utilising either classic or new materials. Concrete Wall Strengthening Techniques The following are some of the strategies for strengthening: 1.        Concrete Jacketing 2.        Concrete Replacement 3.        Retrofitting by Steel Materials 4.        Shape Memory Alloys 5.        FRP Laminates   1.      Concrete Jacketing This is a classic retrofitting approach in which the retr...

  Brick work | Brick masonry Brick masonry is a long-lasting building material. It is constructed by systematically putting bricks in mortar to form a solid mass that can sustain applied loads. There are many different types of bricks and mortars that can be used to build brick masonry. The link between bricks in brick construction is created by filling joints between bricks with sufficient mortar. Because mortar has such a big impact on the performance and durability of a masonry structure, extra consideration should be used when mixing and applying it. Class of brick 1.        First class ·          Lime mortar cement is utilised. ·          Bricks have a sharp surface and edges. ·          The thickness of mortar joints is limited to 10mm. 2.        Second class ·    ...

  What is P.C.C concrete? Plain Cement Concrete is the abbreviation for plain cement concrete. PCC is an unreinforced mixture of cement, fine aggregate (sand), and coarse aggregate. To avoid direct contact of reinforcement of concrete with soil and water, PCC Concrete is spread on the soil surface before concreting the whole structure. Throughout history, concrete has been utilised for a variety of purposes, including architecture, infrastructure, and more. Despite the fact that concrete is being utilised in construction today. On any building site, the phrases RCC (Reinforced Cement Concrete) and PCC Concrete (Plain Cement Concrete) are used interchangeably. RCC stands for Reinforced Cement Concrete, in which steel bars are used to provide tensile strength, whereas no steel bars are used in PCC. Before beginning any RCC masonry work directly on the excavated soil, PCC concrete is used to create a flat surface, and it is avoided keeping the concrete perpendicular to the soi...