Civil Engineering

Different concrete grades and their application in construction site:

  Mortar in construction Mortar Mortar is a paste composed of cement and water or lime, Suki, and water. Lime and cement are the mortar's binding agents. The mortars are strengthened by sand and suki. They also prevent excessive cracking caused by paste shrinkage. As the proportion and increases, the strength of mortars decreases. The best mixture is one cement to 36 sand. The amount of water required for better results is 20 to 25% because it provides the greatest strength to mortars. The mortars gradually absorb carbonic acid from the atmosphere and harden into a solid mass. Mortar is used to hold the bricks or stones together in brick or stone masonry. It is used to provide a soft, even bed between different layers of brick or stone masonry in order to distribute pressure evenly across the bed. It is used to fill the gaps between bricks or stones in order to make walls tighter. In technology, mortar is a material used in building construction to bond brick, stone, tile, ...

  Basic skills for civil engineers Civil engineering is one of the oldest engineering branches, as well as one of the most sought-after engineering career options. Civil engineers are in high demand, as we all know. From municipal work to large construction projects, we do it all. Basic knowledge is essential for a civil engineer to succeed in his or her career. Civil engineering is a complex field that necessitates a wide range of knowledge, skills, and abilities in order to succeed. It is not possible to work as a civil engineer without a degree in the field. However, if you're a new civil engineer on your way to becoming a professional, you'll need these essential skills. Civil engineers are in high demand in the construction, real estate, infrastructure, project management, oil and gas, and other related industries. After agriculture, these are some of the world's largest and most important employers. A civil engineer must understand the fundamentals of civil engi...

  Highway intersections When two or more roads intersect or cross, road users must adjust their movement to prevent a 'collision;' this adjustment could be in the form of a speed reduction or a change in the path of their motion. "The broad region where two or more roadways join or cross, within which are included the carriageway and roadside design characteristics that support orderly traffic flows in that area," according to the definition of an intersection. "That segment of any one of the roadways radiating from an intersection that is outside of the region of the intersection proper," says an intersection leg. The driver of an approaching vehicle must execute particular traffic manoeuvres in the intersection area depending on the direction or intersection leg in which he or she wishes to move. The area shared by the joining or crossing of two or more roadways is known as a junction. Because the primary purpose of a crossroads is to allow a road ...

  Retrofitting for strengthening concrete wall Existing reinforced concrete walls must be strengthened when they lose their strength and capacity to handle the specified loads, or when their load carrying capacity must be increased. This type of rehabilitation is typically necessary for walls built in high-seismic-hazard zones. For the reinforcement of concrete walls, many retrofitting techniques can be used, utilising either classic or new materials. Concrete Wall Strengthening Techniques The following are some of the strategies for strengthening: 1.        Concrete Jacketing 2.        Concrete Replacement 3.        Retrofitting by Steel Materials 4.        Shape Memory Alloys 5.        FRP Laminates   1.      Concrete Jacketing This is a classic retrofitting approach in which the retr...